Research Onion Explanation of the Concept

Examination Onion Explanation of the Concept Presentation The examination onion was created by Saunders et al. (2007). It delineates the phases that must be secured when building up an examination strategy.When saw all things considered, each layer of the onion depicts a progressively point by point phase of the exploration procedure (Saunders et al., 2007). The examination onion gives a successful movement through which an exploration strategy can be planned. Its value lies in its versatility for practically any sort of examination strategy and can be utilized in an assortment of settings (Bryman, 2012). This article will look at and depict the various stages of the examination onion, and clarify the ideas at each stage. 1.1: Understanding the Research Process The examination onion was created by Saundersâ et al. (2007) so as to portray the phases through which the scientist must pass while detailing a successful strategy. To start with, the exploration theory requires definition. This makes the beginning stage for the proper examination approach, which is received in the subsequent advance. In the third step, the exploration system is embraced, and the fourth layer recognizes the time skyline. The fifth step speaks to the phase at which the information assortment system is distinguished. The advantages of the exploration onion are in this manner that it makes a progression of stages under which the various strategies for information assortment can be comprehended, and represents the means by which a methodological report can be portrayed. Figure 1: The Research Onion (Source: Institut Numerique, 2012, n.p.). 1.2: Research Philosophy An exploration theory alludes to the allowance of faith based expectations concerning the idea of the truth being researched (Bryman, 2012). It is the hidden definition of the idea of information. The suppositions made by an examination reasoning give the support to how the exploration will be attempted (Flick, 2011). Examination ways of thinking can vary on the objectives of exploration and on the most ideal way that may be utilized to accomplish these objectives (Goddard Melville, 2004). These are not really at chances with one another, yet the decision of exploration theory is characterized by the kind of information being examined in the examination venture (May, 2011). In this manner, understanding the exploration reasoning being utilized can help clarify the suppositions innate in the examination procedure and how this fits the system being utilized. Two principle ontological systems can illuminate the exploration procedure: positivism and constructionism (Monette et al. 2005). These systems may be depicted in an unexpected way, (for example, experimentation and interpretivism) however the hidden presumptions are extensively comparable (Bryman, 2012). Positivism expect that reality exists freely of the thing being examined. Practically speaking this implies the importance of marvels is steady between subjects (Newman, 1998). On the other hand, constructionism proposes that the natural importance of social marvels is made by every eyewitness or gathering (ÃÆ'â€stlundet al. , 2011). In this way of thinking, one can never assume that what is watched is deciphered similarly among members and the key methodology is to inspect contrasts and subtleties in the respondents㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ understanding. Regardless of the intrinsic contrasts between these two practices, it isn't really the situation that they structure an inalienable conviction by the specialist that is at that point applied to all examination settings. One way of thinking isn't naturally better than the other, in spite of the fact that analysts may support one over the other (Podsakoffet al., 2012). The way of thinking basically gives the support to the exploration strategy. The system ought to be educated by the nature of the marvels being watched. 1.3: Research Approaches Two sorts of approaches are sketched out here: the deductive and the inductive methodology. 1.3.1: Deductive Approach The deductive methodology builds up the speculation or theories upon a prior hypothesis and afterward defines the exploration way to deal with test it (Silverman, 2013). This methodology is most appropriate to settings where the examination venture is worried about looking at whether the watched marvels fit with desire in light of past examination (Wiles et al., 2011). The deductive methodology accordingly may be considered especially fit to the positivist methodology, which allows the plan of speculations and the measurable testing of anticipated that outcomes should an acknowledged degree of likelihood (Snieder Larner, 2009). Nonetheless, a deductive methodology may likewise be utilized with subjective examination procedures, however in such cases the desires shaped by previous examination would be figured uniquely in contrast to through theory testing (Saunders et al., 2007). The deductive methodology is portrayed as the improvement from general to specific: the general hypothesis and information base is first settled and the particular information picked up from the exploration process is then tried against it (Kothari, 2004). 1.3.2: Inductive Approach The inductive methodology is portrayed as a move from the particular to the general (Bryman Bell, 2011). In this methodology, the perceptions are the beginning stage for the scientist, and examples are searched for in the information (Beiske, 2007). In this methodology, there is no structure that at first educates the information assortment and the exploration center would thus be able to be framed after the information has been gathered (Flick, 2011). In spite of the fact that this might be viewed as the point at which new speculations are produced, it is likewise obvious that as the information is dissected that it might be found to fit into a current theory(Bryman Bell, 2011). This technique is all the more generally utilized in subjective examination, where the nonappearance of a hypothesis illuminating the exploration procedure might be of advantage by lessening the potential for scientist inclination in the information assortment stage (Bryman Bell, 2011). Meetings are done concerning explicit wonders and afterward the information might be inspected for designs between respondents (Flick, 2011). Be that as it may, this methodology may likewise be utilized successfully inside positivist philosophies, where the information is investigated first and huge examples are utilized to advise the age regarding results. 1.3.3: The Quantitative Approach As the name recommends, this methodology is worried about quantitative information (Flick, 2011). It holds various acknowledged measurable gauges for the legitimacy of the methodology, for example, the quantity of respondents that are required to build up a factually noteworthy outcome (Goddard Melville, 2004). In spite of the fact that this examination approach is educated by a positivist way of thinking, it tends to be utilized to research a wide scope of social wonders, including sentiments what's more, emotional perspectives. The quantitative methodology can be most successfully utilized for circumstances where there are countless respondents accessible, where the information can be viably estimated utilizing quantitative procedures, and where factual techniques for examination can be utilized (May, 2011). 1.3.4: The Qualitative Approach The subjective methodology is drawn from the constructivist worldview (Bryman Allen, 2011). This methodology requires the specialist to abstain from forcing their own view of the importance of social wonders upon the respondent (Banister et al., 2011). The point is to examine how the respondent deciphers their own world (Bryman Allen, 2011). This presents the test of making a procedure that is encircled by the respondent instead of by the scientist. A compelling methods by which to do this is through meetings, or writings, where the reaction to an inquiry can be open (Feilzer, 2010). Besides, the specialist can build up the inquiries all through the procedure so as to guarantee that the respondent further develops the data given. Subjective exploration is typically utilized for inspecting the importance of social marvels, as opposed to looking for a causative connection between set up factors (Feilzer, 2010). 1.4: Research Strategy The examination technique is the manner by which the scientist expects to complete the work (Saunders et al., 2007). The procedure can incorporate various extraordinary approaches, for example, exploratory examination, activity research, contextual investigation research, meetings, overviews, or an orderly writing survey. Exploratory examination alludes to the procedure of making an exploration procedure that inspects the aftereffects of an analysis against the normal outcomes (Saunders et al., 2007). It very well may be utilized in every aspect of examination, and typically includes the thought of a generally set number of elements (Saunders et al., 2007). The connection between the components are inspected, and decided against the desire for the examination results. Activity research is described as a commonsense way to deal with a particular exploration issue inside a network of training (Bryman, 2012). It includes looking at training to build up that it compares to the best methodology. It will in general include intelligent practice, which is a deliberate procedure by which the expert practice and experience of the professionals can be surveyed. This type of exploration is basic in callings, for example, educating or nursing, where the expert can survey manners by which they can improve their expert methodology and comprehension (Wiles et al., 2011). Contextual investigation research is the appraisal of a solitary unit so as to set up its key highlights and draw speculations (Bryman, 2012). It can offer an understanding into the particular idea of any model, and can set up the significance of culture and setting in contrasts between cases (Silverman, 2013). This type of examination is successful in budgetary exploration, for example, looking at the encounters of two organizations, or contrasting the impact of interest in distinction settings. Grounded hypothesis is a subjective procedure that draws on an inductive appr

How is Thomasina presented by Stoppard in Arcadia, and what methods and techniques does he use Essays

How is Thomasina introduced by Stoppard in Arcadia, and what strategies and methods does he use Essays How is Thomasina introduced by Stoppard in Arcadia, and what strategies and procedures does he use Paper How is Thomasina introduced by Stoppard in Arcadia, and what strategies and procedures does he use Paper Article Topic: Writing In Arcadia, Tom Stoppard utilizes a wide range of strategies and techniques to influence our assessment of Thomasina, one of the principle characters in the play. Huge numbers of these methods are effective, as before the finish of the play most of the crowd will have sizes up Thomasina. The initial barely any lines that she talks in the play are for the most part questions; promptly this gives a decent early introduction as the crowd can see that Thomasina isn't reluctant to be curious. She asks, Septimus, what is lustful grasp? We would then be able to see that she isn't happy with the appropriate response she is given, driving her to ask, Is that all? This gives the feeling that she is extremely shrewd and not reluctant to pose inquiries of her seniors. In the principal scene, this makes a great feeling as the crowd can detect that Thomasina will be an intriguing character to have with regards to the play. We are likewise given the slight thought by Stoppard that Thomasina doesn't pose the inquiries altogether in guiltlessness, and has maybe essentially requested that they make Septimus apprehensive. This again causes the crowd to feel that she is wise. It likewise makes vagueness around the character for the crowd as they are interested to Thomasinas genuine character. The crowd is obviously indicated Thomasinas knowledge all through the play; she develops her contentions too (now and then better) as any grown-ups around her or those that we find later on. When solicited what she knows from lewd grasp (having brought the subject up to avoid consideration from Septimus), she answers: Everything, on account of Septimus. As I would see it, Mr Noakess conspire for the nursery is great. It is a Salvator! This technique for redirection of consideration onto her by Thomasina is very sharp, as she detects the difficulty Septimus has got himself into and rapidly assumes responsibility for the circumstance. By saying more than one point that she can be addressed on, (both Everything, because of Septimus, and It is a Salvator! ), she gives Septimus time to think about a clarification. This is on the grounds that the crowd would then be able to see that the grown-ups in the scene are attempting to follow Thomasinas preoccupation of the discussion. Both Lady Croom and Mr Noakes become befuddled, featuring Thomasinas clear knowledge over them to the crowd. Her insight and information likewise causes the crowd to feel sub-par compared to Thomasina, as there are focuses in the play when it is difficult for us to see precisely what she implies. The crowd likewise warms to Thomasina more along these lines, as she has helped Septimus out. Additionally, as it the line nearly lands Septimus in a difficult situation, the crowd starts to ponder about her thought processes once more, this makes interest around the character and we locate her all the more intriguing. In spite of the fact that for a significant part of the play the crowd could feel substandard compared to Thomasina, there are likewise times in the play when the crowd is caused to feel different feelings towards her, which cause us to feel predominant. In the initial scene, Lady Croom asks Thomasina How old would you say you are today? This line from Lady Croom exhibits to the crowd that she plainly doesn't invest any energy with her girl, so little that she doesn't have any acquaintance with her age. She likewise asks her age again later on in the play. This disclosure causes the crowd to feel sorry for Thomasina, as we are persuaded she has had little fondness appeared towards her in her life. Individuals from the crowd are well on the way to be thoughtful with her rather than looking down on her in light of it this is on the grounds that we start to see how she may be feeling. When Thomasina and Septimus are discussing Cleopatra, the crowd additionally discovers that Thomasina is doubtful about adoration all in all. She says: It just needs a Roman general to make a stop outside the window and away goes the Emperor like a dedicating mug into a pawn shop. This line gives off an impression of being said with an unpleasant manner of speaking. As the line when all is said in done depends on the idea of adoration, this causes the crowd to feel very miserable, as Thomasina is so youthful and would maybe feel that somebody as youthful as she is ought not be so unpleasant. It additionally gives the impression again that she has not seen a ton of adoration, both around her and towards her in her life. This would have been normal in rich families in the nineteenth century, with numerous well off moms having such a large number of social commitment to for all time deal with any kids. The crowd additionally feels frustrated about her when Septimus cons her into deciphering an exceptionally troublesome bit of Latin. We see her battle with the interpretations, and end up with something that doesn't stream quite well. As this is the first run through in the play when we see her mentally battling with something, it is one of the primary genuine minutes when we don't feel sub-par. Along these lines she turns out to be to a greater extent a characteristic character to the crowd as it is more kid like. Notwithstanding, after being appeared in the play that she has been deceived by Septimus, the crowd promptly feels frustrated about her. This is a smart strategy by Stoppard to make the crowd feel sorry for Thomasina, and maybe identify with her more. The force battle among Septimus and Thomasina is continuous all through the play, and the crowd can see that there has been no genuine champ in it up until this point. Thomasina calls Septimus a Cheat! a few times one after another, and she is extraordinarily irate with him. This reality that she is so noticeably resentful makes it understood to the crowd that she is baffled frustrated that Septimus would result to such low techniques to recover the force. We at that point feel frustrated about Thomasina, as Septimus is most likely the individual that the crowd sees her nearest to in the play, having seen that she gets little consideration from her family. It is additionally the first occasion when that we have seen her so powerless and one of only a handful hardly any occasions in the whole play that she shows such forceful feeling towards anybody. Numerous kids in those occasions would have had coaches, yet it most likely would have been uncommon for the connection between them to be so close. As she responds so wildly to Septimus activities, in a way it sabotages her past discourse on the destructions of adoration the upheaval of feeling maybe gives the crowd the feeling that she was for sure putting on a front in prior scenes. Once more, this causes the crowd to feel compassion towards Thomasina as it encourages us to acknowledge how forlorn she is. The connection among Thomasina and Septimus is in finished complexity to the one among Bernard and Chloe Thomasina and Septimus have numerous scholarly discussions and appear to appreciate every others organization. There likewise is by all accounts more regard between them. Having two sets of individuals in the diverse timeframes shows the distinctions in the occasions I. e. that there was considerably more convention and graciousness in the prior occasions. The discussion is likewise more differentiated, basically in that Bernard and Chloe talk progressively about their own lives with one another than Septimus and Thomasina do. I imagine that this shows individuals in current occasions are significantly less saved than they used to be, and are progressively arranged to discuss sentiments and so on. It additionally shows that maybe it was not regular to examine individual lives at all let alone with individuals that are not relatives. This may appear to the crowd today as an odd event, and may be seen as exceptionally private conduct, when in established truth it was normal and all discussion was extremely held. Thomasina as a character is likewise utilized by Stoppard to make a great deal of the funniness in the play, both by implication and straightforwardly. An enormous wellspring of the amusingness is her discussion and contention with Septimus. She contends with Septimus over regular conditions, prompting the line Armed in this way, God could just make a bureau. This produces humor in the scene, and the crowd is again intrigued that she can comprehend this idea completely enough to makes jokes regarding the matter. The cleverness originates from the way that she has figured out how to subvert her guides contention with one basic clever line. A significant enormous extent of the funniness originates from Thomasinas insight and mind. During the play, there is a lot of specialized discussion about maths and science, both from the more seasoned characters and the cutting edge ones. The funniness that originates from Thomasinas insight assists with helping the tone of different scenes in the play. For instance, in an early scene, Thomasina and Septimus are examining unrestrained choice. The language that is utilized in the specialized discussion could practically make it hard for most of the crowd to follow in this way making the tone of the scene genuine. In any case, Thomasina then reports Oh! I see now! The appropriate response is entirely self-evident! As the discussion has recently been so confounding, the manner in which she chooses she realizes the appropriate response is clever to the crowd. Added to this, the outward appearance of Septimus would be very stunned that Thomasina knows the appropriate response, again carrying funniness to the scene. Along these lines, Stoppard guarantees that the crowd likes Thomasina as a character and an individual for satire esteem if nothing else. The clever lines she brings to the play additionally guarantees any crowds don't consider her to be an exhausting character they give the character of Thomasina more profundity. A principle procedure of introducing Thomasina to the crowd is by utilizing different characters in the play, from the old and current scenes. A piece of this is by having the character of Chloe in the cutting edge time, who is both a differentiating and a comparable character to Thomasina. Chloe is a substantially more forceful, present day style character who utilizes far less casual language than Thomasina does during the play. She additionally appears to be less blameless than Thomasina. For e

Monastic Art Essay Example for Free

Ascetic Art Essay Devout Art is partitioned in two classes the religious parsimonious fine art and the stylish work of art (Sekules 77). The depiction of holy people in the cloisters is a typical subject and limits it down to the entire strict visionaries and gods which created those dreams. The whole ascetic circle was devoted to putting oneself in a situation to get sacrosanct correspondence from God; henceforth it isn't astonishing that religious communities and cloisters intensely looked for visual portrayal of their preferred holy people or God. In medieval occasions, devout workmanship was usually carved on roofs, dividers, and frescoes to bring the watcher into a domain of blessedness to improve the creative and strict experience. As previously mentioned devout life could either be parsimonious which falls in accordance with the severe existences of the priests or it could be profoundly embellished which shown all the riches and allure of the Medieval Catholic Church. Most ascetic craftsmanship are gotten from the Byzantine model were artistic creations were very decorated, alluring, representative, and great in size. At the Abbey of Santa Maria la Real de Las Huelgas, Spain, there are the Berenguela weaved pad covers and capably finished gloves, overlaid with gold and red (1275). This exceptionally enhanced spreads are in memoriam of Prince Fernando de la Cerda (Shadis 168). Benedictine Monasteries The Rule of St. Benedict expected them to pull back from the world into a common life composed around petition so their profound tendencies were not coordinated to different zones of conformity† (Sekules 61). On account of this approach work of art adjusts to the guidelines of the religious community. Jesus Christ, Catholic holy people, religious communities, the virgin Mary, sacred mother and youngster compositions are for the most part normal pictures of the medieval cloister. Benedictine cloisters bragged a wide cluster workmanship, for example, An Illumination of Stephen Harding (1225) at the Abbey at Citeaux. In this work of art, religious artwork there are two models of cloisters, gave by two Benedictine priests, one of which is simply the Englishman Stephen Harding, which are conveyed up to the virgin Mary to endorse or dismiss. Benedictine shelters highlighted â€Å"inscriptions in windows, stonework, artworks, and manuscripts† (Luxford 11). This sort of love is called Cisternian light where there is a spiritualist association and correspondence with the celestial. Brilliant airs and brilliant positions of royalty with expand architectured religious communities describe this work. Another celebrated Benedictine fine art is Benedict of Nursia (1435) showed at the Abbey at Florence, Italy. This work of art done by Frey Angelico shows the straightforward essence of St. Benedict with a sacred radiance surrounding his head, in a grave, serious, meditative temperament, like what one would expect in a devout setting. Ladies in Power-Medieval Feminism: The Empowered Woman Before Mary Wollenstonecraft even created the Declaration of Women (1791), the undeveloped indications of a developing women's activist development were at that point noticeable. Because of strict, social, and social authoritative opinions and restrictions, ladies were kept to the private circle, incapable to partake in the exercises and quest for men. In any case, a couple of ladies have pushed themselves and accidentally their female partners to an entirely different measurement in the Middle Ages. The lady is a repetitive delineation in Medieval Art and Architecture, also during a time where in the Marian clique (and even in the Greco-Latin folklore) was adored as goddess, holy person, and middle person. Representation of spots, regardless of whether urban areas or nations particularly as great or furnished ladies, are perhaps the most established type of intensity symbolism†(Sekules 13). A few nations have portrayed ladies at war as their national symbols for instance Roma, Germania, Brittanica, Sclavenia, Columbia, Athena, Italia Turrita, Hispania, Polonia, Europa and so forth. The ladies are either depicted as military, regal, or both. Medieval craftsmanship exhibited the strengthening of ladies, where ladies some of the time moved out of the home space and effectively occupied with business, workmanship, fighting, and legislative issues. Joan of Arc One of the ladies who stands apart is Joan of Arc. Generally, Joan of Arc is commended as a deliverer of France who boldly warred against England to set free her comrades who toiled under the British burden. â€Å"Quite separated from her virtuous character, Joan’s validity as a military chief may have increased more prominent cash on account of the old style custom that embodied the authority of war in female form† (Sekules 165). Craftsmanship empowers social analysis. Martin Le Franc sides with Joan of Arc special character both as a women's activist and as a lady. Through his medieval depiction of Joan of Arc both as a courageous woman, military legend, and otherworldly symbol, he holds onto her as a challenging lady. â€Å"Martin Le Franc in Le Champion des Dames, a work legitimately motivated by the squabble about Le Roman de la Rose, takes Joan’s part against her depreciators. Their contentions center around her hawkishness, her transvestism, and her judgment by the Church† (Warner 220). In the late-Medieval composition â€Å"Le Champion des Dames† (1450), one watches Joan of Arc holding two white banners and flanked by them in a scriptural setting. Despite the fact that pundits state that this depiction is behind the times, it voices volumes in affirming the sacredness of a loyalist and prophetess who got dreams and otherworldly messages. â€Å"Christine was an admirer of Joan (of Arc’s) accomplishments and a protector when she required it† (Sekules 165). Joan of Arc, an influential lady, motivated another medieval lady in power, Christine de Pisan, who profoundly regarded Joan as a valiant, blessed, and still ladylike lady. Christine De Pisan Another medieval lady which parted from the social standards and jump started out into the space of workmanship, writing, and religion is Christine de Pisan (1365-1434). One could contend that due to her highborn status she delighted in a lot a bigger number of freedoms than the normal lady of the Middle Ages; anyway open bias and sexist belief systems against the lady existed and was energized against both the lower and upper classed lady. Christine de Pisan was proficient, developed her masterful ability, and was fancy woman of her family (Christine de Pisan). Albeit today these attributes appear to be conventional, back in the medieval occasions, it was an irregularity for a lady, even a highborn one to be qualified with every one of these abilities. Christine de Pizan was conceived in Italy however wedded to a Frenchman. De Pisan was a productive writer as she delivered a few articles, sonnets, books, melodies, and epistles. The workmanship bit of â€Å"Christine de Pisan Writing† isn't as regular as it appears for ladies were frequently consigned non-educational errands for the overall population esteemed them second rate. In the portrayal of De Pisan composing, the setting is plainly at a nunnery or religious community. De Pizan was likewise the provider of her family following her husband’s passing; hence she rose as one of only a handful barely any ladies who made a work from composing. Various medieval pictures of Christine de Pisan exist where she is either talking with individuals in force, for example, Joan of Arc (Christine de Pisan Livres des Faits des Armes et de Chevalerie, 1409), persistently composing at a convent (Christine de Pisan Writing), or teaching her others (Christine de Pisan Instructing Her Son and Christine de Pisan Lecturing a Group of Men). Religious circles or cloisters in the medieval period. It very well may be contended that cloisters and religious circles â€Å"offered ladies a component of freedom† (Medieval Convent or Nunnery). At the communities, the nuns had most wares available to them and were not bound to family obligations, for here they focused on God and sought after blessedness in the isolated strict life. Nuns were additionally liberated to cast a ballot in an abbess or mother unrivaled, who thusly would administer the undertakings of the female network. Since medieval occasions, the convent likewise was fitted with emergency clinics, gardens, churches, residences, libraries, and a school. Subsequently, nuns had the one of a kind chance to be comprehensively instructed and free. This particular part of female freedom encourages masterful investigation. Fine art frequently has showed up at religious circles where nuns have drawn or designed perfect works of art, for example, †¦ Second to Nun Paintings Medieval compositions additionally would in general spotlight on blessed ladies: regardless of whether they be goddesses or sheltered nuns and moms. One significant medieval gem shows Hildegard von Bingen (1098-1179), a cloister adherent of St. Benedict of composed books, plays, lessons, and verse; rehearsed medication, and worked as counselor to rulers and popes. Hildegard is for sure a medieval and cutting edge women's activist who was not hesitant to hold and use power even among men society. A commended representation of her is spoken to in Illumination from the Liber Scivias, 1151 where she gets a dream and deciphers it as a god uncovers it to her. This dynamic lady directs the celestial messages in a book called The Scivias. This representation passes on the truth of the illuminated lady in all circles. She also can be an instrument for familial purposes as well as in multifaceted manner, adding to society, religion, and culture. References: Christine de Pizan http://www. kirjasto. sci. fi/pizan. htm. Recovered 06 May 2010 Les Enluminures Presents Women in Medieval Art http://www. lesenluminures. com/womencatalogue. pdf. Recovered 06 May 2010 Luxford, Julian M. The Art and Architecture of English Benedictine Monasteries 1300-1540 A Patronage History. Boyell Press, United Kingdom, 2008. Medieval Convent or Nunnery http://www. medieval times. organization. uk/medieval-religious circle. convent. htm. Recovered 06 May

Symbolism of Snow in Joyces The Dead - Literature Essay Samples

James Joyce is lauded for his distinct style of writing in free direct discourse. Though his style may seem chaotic and disjointed, Joyce adds a single fixture to his narratives that conveys a unity and connects the otherwise haphazard dialogue. In The Dead, the final story of Joyces masterpiece, Dubliners, the symbol of snow unites the characters and is cause for a drastic transformation in the dynamic character, Gabriel. Snow is the catalyst that unifies mankind through the flawed essence of human nature, and expands Gabriels narrow mind as he escapes from a superficial mindset and enters a world of imperfect humanity.Snowflakes are random, unique and fragile, and thus symbolic of human nature. Humanity overflows with faults and quirks, which constitute life. The versatility and volatility of snow mirrors the human disposition. For example, melting snow becomes weak and transparent water, exemplifying the pathetic, but common characteristics of humanity. Frozen snow becomes hard, strong, and unshakable ice; this represents the domineering characteristics of humanity. Joyce uses snow to illustrate both the weak and the strong traits of water and ice, thus snow represents the fissures and cracks, as well as the strength and beauty, that embody life.Just as falling snow covers all of nature, Joyces snow unifies humanity with the imperfect uniqueness of human nature. The snow affects every guest arriving at Julia and Kates party, Freddie the watery drunk, DArcy the icy tenor and the many characters in between. Humanity is connected through the flawed traits of the human situation, personified in the ubiquitous blanket of snow.Gabriel is a man obsessed with a superficial perfection, which in the beginning of the party causes him to fear the harsh reality of human nature. The moment that Gabriel enters his elderly aunts party, his actions speak alone for his mightier-than-thou attitude. Upon his arrival, Gabriels curt remark towards his wife for causing their late arrival, perfectly sets his tone as he initially tries to escape from the snow. Gabriel, stood on the mat scraping the snow from his galoshesHe continued scraping his feet vigorously A light fringe of snow lay like a cape on the shoulders of his overcoat and like toecaps on the toes of his galoshes (2497). His pointed comment towards his spouse uncovers his self-conceived dominance in the relationship, and the force he uses to rid himself of any snow shows how hard Gabriel works to appear sophisticated and free of the troubles of humanity. This is the first instance that Gabriel comes into contact with the symbolic snow, and the most pertinent, for his hurry to shed the snow that unifies the party guests, directly detaches him from the rest of the group and from the flaw that befalls them all. Later again galoshes are the subject of conversation when Gretta, Gabriels wife, makes mention of her husbands demand that she wear galoshes in the snow. She jokes, Tonight ev en he wanted me to put them on, but I wouldnt. The next thing you know hell be buying me a diving suit (2499). Not only does this exemplify the extremes he will go through to protect his wife and himself from the snow, but the mention of the diving suit relates to the snow in the form of water; Gabriel is petrified of snow in any form. Again, this discourse shows the distinct differences between him and his wife, which is furthered when Gabriel jokes that Gretta would walk home in the snow if he would let her. Gretta immerses herself in true humility, in this case the snow. This serves as ironic juxtaposition to the superficial and arrogant world of her husband. The entrance of the couple immediately sets Gabriel apart from the guests, due to his reaction towards the unifying snow.Adding to his arrogant entrance, Gabriels superior feeling is further unfurled when he nervously rehearses the speech he will give at dinner, deciding that the subject matter is above the heads (2498) o f the guests. He toys with speaking of something on their level and less intellectual by his standards. Again he feels no unity with, in his estimation, the lower class guests who possess an abundance of faults. Like Gabriels reaction towards the snow upon his arrival, his attitude towards the guests reveals he does not wish to share a unity with his fellow man, and he disguises any signs of a weak nature.Furthering his detachment is a surprising confrontation with his dance partner, Miss Ivors, which separates Gabriel even more from the snowy blanket of commonness and imperfections that envelopes the other guests. Twice Miss Ivors confronts Gabriel: about writing for a paper that represents the opposition; as well as asking him to vacation near his wifes hometown in Northern Ireland. His angry reply to both instances is curt, especially to the vacation offer, O, to tell you the truth, retorted Gabriel suddenly, Im sick of my own country, sick of it! (2504). This outburst, incite d by Miss Ivors offer, breaks any remaining unity that Gabriel has with the party guests. During the dialogue, Miss Ivors is described in the following manner, Miss Ivors promptly took his hand in a warm grasp(2498) and Miss Ivors said warmly(2499). What little human nature and unity with fellow men Gabriel had left, Miss Ivors warmth melted away, like it was snow. Miss Ivors ability to melt the unifying snow is made clear through her political obsession. This breaks her unity with the group and sets her up to further Gabriels fleeting ties to his peers. Miss Ivors character and Gabriels reactions towards her serve as tools that are used to completely isolate Gabriel from the snow and what it represents.Midway through the party, Gabriels superficial outlook begins to thaw. Gabriel, as a human being, lacks the warmth that comes from the friction of ordinary humanity. He is a cold person who is perhaps afraid that being covered by snow will indeed freeze him. Yet a transformatio n begins when he finds himself reflecting upon life as he stares out the window and the pure omnipresent snow draws his attention, as is seen when, Gabriels warm trembling fingers tapped the cold pane of the window. How cool it must be outside! How pleasant it would be to walk alone, first along by the river and through the park how much more pleasant it would be than here at the dinner table (2505-2506). Gabriel is drawn to the snow and his yearning to leave the table and walk through it is the first sign that he wishes to cast aside his condescending demeanor and find the meaning in his life, buried under the ice. Gabriel feels no emotional connection with anyone from the party, and here he seems ready to drop his haughty facade; the flaws of humanity seem more appealing.When finally exposed to the snow again he is overcome with an awareness that is unmistakably human. For example, during their walk home from the party, Gabriel is overcome by the beauty in his wife and feels a love that he has not seen since their matrimony; it is a sentiment that is strange and new to him. Though physically brisk, walking in the snow melts the protective layers Gabriel has built up. Gabriel discovers that he must open his inner self and let out the friction of his true struggles. It is only now that Gabriel is vulnerable to human emotion. At the hotel, Gretta reveals a secret that prevents her from reciprocating her husbands newfound love. To some, this scandalous information may seem to have a reverting affect on Gabriels self-revelations, yet despite the news, his brand new consciousness permits him to feel more alive than he ever was when he was hidden amongst superficiality. Gretas saddening story allows him to feel real human pain, and for the first time he puts up no guard against the agony of humanity and he feels sincere humility. The truth and reality behind Gretas confession only helps to immerse him in the snowfall of compassion. He falls asleep at pe ace with the snow that has fallen over his universe, fully uniting him with humanity: His soul swooned slowly as he heard the snow falling faintly through the universe and faintly falling, like the descent of their last end, upon all the living and the dead(2524). Gabriel undergoes an epiphany that the idiosyncrasies of human nature are unavoidable, and by immersing himself in the snow, he shares a unity that makes him feel alive.Joyce defines modest aspects of humanity through the vulnerable forms of snowfall, and unites mankind with the snows omnipotence. It is the snow that Gabriel initially shuns, and it is the snow that finally opens Gabriel to the idea of humanness. Joyces purposefully chaotic writing style truly mirrors the muddled emotions of Gabriel, before he is swallowed by the blizzard of humility and human imperfection.

Young Marx Health The Most Unfortunate Being Of The...

Bonn University, he expressed his concern about young Marx health: ‘†¦do not forget that in this miserable world it is always accompanied by the body, which determines the well-being of the whole machine. A sickly scholar is the most unfortunate being on earth. Therefore, do not study more than your health can bear’. Karl, however, did not follow his father’s advice regarding his health. But his father would later help him avoid the draft. After his 18th birthday, Karl was excused from the military service after his father suggested that if he was able to obtain certificates from well-known physicians he would be able to dodge the draft. Furthermore, Heinrich would continue to be a balancing influence in Karl’s life and would help him escape a criminal charge when he was in possession of a weapon. Karl’s early years was filled with enjoyments of alcohol use and a duel that left him with a small wound above his left eye. A year later, after Kar l’s disobedient and chaotic behavior, he was ready to start a new chapter of life; he moved to Berlin in where began attending the University of Berlin. Karl Marx: Academic Background and Influential Individuals Berlin was a different world compared to Bonn. A city of about 300,000 residents, was Marx’s first experience in a big city. Berlin exposed Marx to a diverse intellectual life. Contrary to Bonn University, Berlin University had a more serious, sober, and academic environment. Berlin also had a diverse group of artists andShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesand U.S. superpowers on their periphery and a second round of even more devastating global conflict. The bifurcated international system that resulted from the cold war standoff extended the retreat of globalization, but nurtured the liberation of most of humanity from colonial rule. The collapse of the Soviet empire, and the freeing of its satellite states across Eastern Europe beginning in the late 1980s, marked another major watershed that further problematizes uncritical acceptance of theRead MoreStrategy Safari by Mintzberg71628 Words   |  287 Pages†¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢a/itiktSii^i THE FREE PRESS A Division of Simon Schuster Inc. 1230 Avenue of the Americas New York, NY 10020 Copyright  © 1998 by Henry Mintzberg, Ltd., Bruce Ahlstrand, and Joseph Lampel All rights reserved, including the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any form. THE FREE PRESS and colophon are trademarks of Simon Schuster Inc. Designed by Carla Bolte Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 Permissions acknowledgments appear on pages 393-395. Library of CongressRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 Pagesbusiness environment continue unabated. The global financial crisis and economic recession have challenged some assumptions about globalization and economic integration, but they have also underscored the interconnected nature of global economies. Most countries and regions around the world are inextricably linked, yet profound differences in institutional and cultural environments persist. The challenges for international management reflect this dynamism and the increasing unpredictability of globalRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesactivities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo SydneyRead MoreMerger and Acquisition: Current Issues115629 Words   |  463 Pagesconferences. The Contributors Paul U. Ali is Associate Professor in the Faculty of Law at the University of Melbourne, Australia. He was previously a finance lawyer in Sydney. Paul has published several books on finance and investment law including, most recently, Innovations in Securitization. His articles have appeared in Derivatives Use, Trading and Regulation, Journal of Alternative Investments, Journal of Banking Regulation and Journal of International Banking Law and Regulation. Antonios Antoniou

Newest Alternative Test Of Elderly With Impaired Function

NEWEST ALTERNATIVE TEST IN ELDERLY WITH IMPAIRED FUNCTION Medical screening and system review is an important component utilized by practicing health professionals for assessment and observation rendered to a patient. Thorough knowledge and understanding of patient s medical condition, signs, and symptoms in the detection of possible health disorder or disease are essential for patient s healthy and safety as well as prevention of liability for the clinicians. There is a potential to produce a measurable version of aging at a lower cost than the current health system. Using a relevant differential diagnostic method will assist health professionals in decision-making and the cause of the patient s a set of signs and symptoms.†¦show more content†¦. Sensitivity: This is the proportion of persons with a condition who correctly test positive. If a tool has a reduced sensitivity, results will yield false negatives, and you will miss cases. It is paramount to the client when you consider some of the diseases (Crist, M. et al., 2013). Sp ecificity - This is the ratio of persons without a condition who correctly test negative when screened. Insufficient specificity outcome will produce as an incorrect labeling of real negative which in turn produces false positive cases (Crist, M. et al., 2013). Reliability - The outcome of the screening must reproduce the test that was initiated by different reviewers with the same skill level during different periods and with different illnesses (Crist, M., McVay, D. Marocco, S. 2013). Positive Predictive Value (PPV): It is the ratio of patient/clients with a positive test result who have the ailment of interest(Jewell, 2014). Predictive value depends on the incidence of the condition (Crist, M. et al., 2013). If the rate is low, the PPV is low even if the test is accurate and the higher the rate, the greater probability the test is a real positive(Crist, M. et al., 2013). Balance is an important component of a body on every single motion. Since 1990, multiple functional measures have been researched and developed with the objective functional result within rehabilitation and geriatric medicine (Huijbregts, Myers, Kay , Gavin, 2002). Unfortunately,

In Pursuit of Magic Case Analysis free essay sample

Ducati is a specialized manufacturer of racing and sport motorcycles based in Italy. In this case report, we will analyze Ducati’s competitive position through an opportunities and threats analysis, Porter’s Five Forces, a value and cost drivers analysis, as well as the VRIO framework. Opportunities/Threats One of the biggest opportunities in the motorcycle industry is the growth trend of 3. 3% in unit sales over the past five years, mostly in the United States and Asia/Pacific markets. Also, the rapid growth of women ridership offers the potential of an even larger customer base in the future. In the sport segment in particular, growth in the next few years is expected between 2% and 3%. The history and brand recognition of Ducati will help them to attract some of these new customers related to industry growth. The industry continues to face the threat of adverse regulation relating to the safety of motorcycles. Also, the lack of growth in Europe may be signaling a change of preferences away from motorcycles to other forms transportation and recreation. This is particularly troubling for Ducati because most of their sales are to riders in European markets. Also, the industry faces the constant threat of negative exchange rate movements, especially related to the dollar, which devastated Ducati and other European manufacturers in recent years. Porter’s Five Forces 1) Barriers to Entry Overall, the industry has relatively low barriers to entry. 1) One barrier that exists relates to mechanical engineering expertise, which in the sport bike category may be even greater. However, automobile manufacturers may have some of required expertise already or they could hire the needed expertise relatively easily. Therefore, all existing car manufacturers are potential competitors. 2) A second barrier relates to fairly high capital requirements. Investments include the cost to purchase equipment and machines, raw materials, warehouses to store inventory, and to specialists for production and design. On the other hand, existing car manufacturers, again, may face negligible barriers due to the production similarities between the two industries. At the least they could convert an existing car production facility into a motorcycle production facility. 3) The third barrier relates to the established brands of the incumbents. After so many years of motorcycle production, Ducati is a strong brand in the industry. Any new entrants including existing car manufacturers would have to compete with these very successful brands. 2) The Power of Suppliers The power of suppliers is low. Inputs for motorcycles are fairly standard and cheap suppliers exist in the Far East and India. Suppliers depend heavily on the main motorcycle manufacturers, thus their bargaining power is relatively low. In particular, by 2001, Ducati has outsourced the majority of its production to third parties. If suppliers were charging high prices for their service, then Ducati would simply manufacture these parts themselves. 3) The Power of Buyers The power of buyers is relatively low due to the lack of high-volume buyers and product differentiation. Ducati’s global sales network is a combination of 800 multi-franchise distribution points and 151 independent retail stores. In the U. S. market, Ducati predicted that in order to make a distribution point profitable, each place had to sell 200 motorcycles per year which comprised small portion of Ducati’s sales (especially under the circumstance that all of the European brands had low volume in the U. S. and none could stand for a single-line dealer). Moreover, unique design and the use of Desmo system differentiated Ducati models from other products. When buyers purchase product in low volume and the product is highly differentiated, the buyer power is low. 4) The Threat of Substitutes The threat of substitutes is relatively low. The Asia/Pacific market buys motorcycles because they are cheaper to buy and operate than cars, which is unlikely to change in the near future. The U. S. and European markets buy motorcycles for the purpose of recreation and no readily-available product is threatening that purpose. 5) Rivalry The rivalry in the motorcycle industry is very high. There are many brands such as Suzuki, Kawasaki, Yamaha, Honda, BMW, Harley Davidson, and others which all competing for market share across different categories. In the entry bike category, the Japanese firms have priced some of their European rivals out of the market. In the racing category, the firms literally compete on the track in races that managers believe greatly influence unit sales between them. Value Drivers/Cost Drivers/Strategy The key value driver in the industry appears to be customer acquisition. Once a consumer is acquired (buys a motorcycle) they continue to buy accessories for their bike and merchandise of the same brand for years to come. This nature makes the acquisition of a first-time motorcycle buyer extremely important as they are likely to become a lifetime customer. Another value driver is success on the international racing circuits which increases brand image and visibility, and thus sales. The key cost drivers are parts and components which account for 93% of Ducati’s cost of goods sold. Other cost drivers include research and development, advertising, and assembly costs. Ducati pursues a focused-differentiator strategy with a niche around sport bikes. They charge significant premiums than their competitors overall. Ducati mainly increases their brand’s visibility by their bikes’ performance on the international racing circuits. They also operate a museum/factory tour and support Ducati riding clubs to boost their brand and the Ducati lifestyle. Competitive Advantages/Disadvantages Ducati’s main competitive advantages are its brand as well as its history. They offer a unique and differentiated product and have a brand with high customer loyalty. The brand benefits from its association with the Emilia region, home to Ferrari, Maserati, and Lamborghini, where the majority of Ducati’s components are built. The brand is also boosted by its strong performance in professional racing and the establishment of the Ducati museum. Ducati also has several technological advantages such as the Desmo control system which allows Ducati’s 2-cylinder bikes to perform as well as competitors’ 4-cylinder engines. Also, Ducati’s L-twin design provides lighter weight and improved aerodynamics. Finally, the low-hum engine sound, enhanced speed and greater rigidity brought by the Formula One-inspired tubular trestle, and Italian design were all elements that made Ducati be more attractive to the customers, especially female riders. The firm is disadvantaged in the entry bike category. The Japanese manufacturers are successfully selling their entry bikes with more technology at lower prices. Furthermore, the effect may be even worse if the Japanese brands are retaining these customers on their future motorcycle purchases. Also, Ducati recognizes a certain discontinuity in their product mix. Ducati replaced its famous and classic 998 model with the newer 999, which was unsuccessful. People tended to like classic design and not the more advanced, but un-familiar design of the 999. Also, 90% of Ducati’s inputs are being outsourced to third parties which means they may have too strong of a reliance on their suppliers. Finally, Ducati is also struggling to regain market share in the U. S. after relocating their regional office. During the relocation, the company lost 100% of its employees and needs to make up for lost time. Some of these disadvantages may be reflective of poor management. Driving the â€Å"Wedge† Ducati has a wider wedge than its competitors due to the large premiums that it charges. For example, in the Hyper-Sport, Sport-Touring, and Naked categories, Ducati estimates premiums ranging from 20% to 34% in 2006. However, their wedge could be driven wider if standard component parts were sourced from cheaper areas such as the Far East and India. Also, by applying the â€Å"Platform† approach, Ducati may be able to consolidate their demand among a select few suppliers and recognize volume discounts as well as reduced transportation costs. VRIO Analysis Ducati’s resources include high-quality engineering, a unique history, and high customer loyalty. The high-quality engineering allows for better performance than other manufacturers and thus price premiums. Their history and customer loyalty help to neutralize the threat of their rivals manufacturers. Also, the advantages of the Ducati racing include: media attention, increased brand visibility, as well as demonstrating Ducati’s performance to potential customers. The rareness of Ducati bikes relates to their production in the Emilia region of Italy. Additionally, Ducati’s use of the â€Å"Desmo† system and the L-Twin design are exclusive. However, some of these rarities may be exploited by Ducati’s competition in the future. The ability of competition to imitate Ducati products is very low. The Ducati brand, technology such as the Desmo system and L-Twin engine, and design would all be difficult to imitate. To imitate, a firm would require significant capital investment, engineering expertise, and the reputation for high-quality sport bike manufacturing. On the aspect of organization, it seems that many of Ducati’s rivals face similar challenges. Many of the European manufacturers lack the volume to setup selling and distribution channels in the U. S. Honda, however, has captured much of the U. S. market and can more effectively distributed its motorcycles in the U. S. market. Conclusion In conclusion, the motorcycle industry have a favorable outlook due to growth in the United States and Asia markets, and â€Å"BRIC† countries also provide a beneficial environment to motorcycle sales.